Primary School Students’ Learning Toward The Use of VBA For Excel Based Games In Learning Number

The purpose of this study was to describe the learning motivation of students of SD Negeri in Cianjur where elementary school students experienced difficulty in processing integer arithmetic operations, due to the lack of mastery of students' understanding of the basics of integer concept and integer operation so that students were able to develop mathematical applications. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The research subjects were 25 students of SD Negeri in Cianjur grade VI. The instrument given was a questionnaire on the scale of student learning motivation consisting of 20 statements and 4 answer choices. The learning motivation questionnaire related to the VBA for Excel-based ICT media consists of 4 indicators. The results showed that the learning motivation of SD Negeri Cianjur students using ICT media assisted by VBA for Excel on number line material as a whole is classified as very good and there are 3 indicators that are very good criteria, namely for indicators of confidence in using mathematics (very good), Flexible indicators in doing math work (very well); Indicators of Willingness to leave other obligations or duties, (very good). There is 1 indicator that falls into the good criteria, namely the persistence indicator in doing mathematics (good).

However, a lot of students think that mathematics is difficult. To remove or change the student perception that maths is difficult, a teacher must be able to create a condition or a process which is able to lead the students to do learning activity. A teacher plays an important role in motivating students as it is one of his/her assignment. Teaching is one of the factor of the success or student development (M. , Akbar, et. al, 2018. Students who just join the class without any motivation would not achieve a good outcome from the learning process. Therefore, a teacher's attention towards a right concept of understanding and student motivation would be high in learning process (Sunaryo, 2019). Based on the research by Pebriana (2017), students' maths learning motivation is still low resulting low learning result. It can be seen by not many students achieve Minimal Passing Criteria, which is set by school that is 70. From all students, only 45% passed.
Using media in learning process is one of the way that can be used to increas student learning motivation. According to , learning media in maths is one way to give a description to student that they can understand how to apply various problems related to maths. Attractive media will affect student learning motivation, one of learning media that was chosen was ICT For VBA Based on Microsoft Excel.
Microsoft Excel is a software which provides images in various measures and shapes so that researcher could design the reseacrh according to the need and materials presentation needs. In Microsoft, Excel pictures can be moved to make an interesting game, especially for primary students on the number line subject which can be a mischief to students and slow down student understanding.
The order to make an object or pictures in Microsoft Excel to become interactive is by writing down Basic Visual Application to code Microsoft Excel as soon as VBA can run the program and the result was the object or picture changed from stationary to dynamic (Bernard, Novtiar & Rohaeti, 2020).
Based on the above mentioned background, an introduction study titled "Analysis of Learning Motivation of Padawaras Cianjur Primary Student using ICT Media based on VBA for Excel on the Number Line was conducted". The researcher sees the importance of the number line. The subject of the number line was served as how to operate positive and negative integers, in which students made a lot of mistakes.

METHOD
The type of research was descriptive qualitative. It is aimed at analysing learning motivation of PadawarasCianjur primary using ICT based on VBA for Excel on The Number line which is guided by the fullfilment of learning motivation indicators. Previously the media has been examined for its appropriateness by media expert (a lecturer of TIK application: Inovative mathematics and material expert: a lecturer of primary student maths solving problems). The subject of this research was 25 primary students Class VI in SD Padawaras Cianjur. The research was commenced at the beginning of even semester in 2019 -2020. The data collection in the research was by a scaled questionnaire of learning motivation. This instrument was used as an effort to get primary data in learning motivation in primary student class VI. The researcher explained the number line subject using ICT media based on VBA for Excel and then the students gave their responses in the questionnaires.
The instrument used in the reserach was a scaled learning motivation questionnaire related to ICT media based on VBA for Excel. Then the indicators were given scores and the overall scores are converted in scale form (1-100) and the data was interpreted according to the understanding criteria based on Arikunto (2008). Data were catagorised as a range found by Arikunto (2008), and the range can be observed as follow (Table1):

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Based on the test conducted, it could be seen that the ability of the students in the PadawarasCianjur Primary School using ICT Media based on VBA for Excel on the Number Line subject. This instrument was in the form of learning motivation questionnaire consisted of 6 indicators of 20 scaled statements. The questionnaire has 4 answer options, that was completely agree (CA), Agree (A), Disagree (D) and Completely Disagree (CD). The questionnaire was given as a closed questionaire to 25 students. The questionnaire data analysis was tabulated and the answers are converted into percentages. Based on the result above, the learning outcome of using ICT media based on VBA for Excel towards primary student learning motivation will be discussed. There were 5 statements and 4 indicators which were related to the ICT media based on VBA for Excel could be found in statements number 1, 2, 5, 10, and 11. On the first indicator which was self confidence in using maths, in statement number 1 and 2, while statement number 1 was positive, all of the students responded completely agree, which gave a total 100% percentage. The statement was "I love learning maths which was explained by teacher using ICT media ICT based on VBA for Excel" so it can be concluded that students love learning maths using ICT media based on VBA for Excel (Excellent).
In the negative second statement, almost of the students gave completely disagree responses by a total percentage of 91.54 %. The statement was "I don't understand maths subject clearly which was explained by teacher using ICT media based on VBA for Excel" so it can be students understood maths explained by the teacher using ICT media based on VBA for Excel clearly (Excellent).
In the second indicator that is flexibility in doing maths, in the fifth statement which has positive value, a lot of students responded disagree and completely disagree which cab be converted into a total percentage of 62.74 %. The statement was "I'm not satisfied if the teacher explains maths using ICT media based on VBA for Excel was in a rush" so it could be concluded that students were not satisfied if the teacher explained maths using ICT media based on VBA for Excel in a hurry (Good).
In the third indicator that is the willingness to leave other obligation or other tasks which can be found in the tenth statement which has negative value, most students responded disagree and completely disagree giving a total percentage of 94.40 %. The statement was "I was bored in learning maths using ICT media based on VBA for Excel" so it could be concluded that students were not bored learning maths using ICT media based on VBA for Excel (Excellent).
In the fourth indicator that was perseverence in doing maths, chich can be found in the 11th statement which has positive value, all of the students gave agree responses which gave a total percentage of 100 %. The statement was "I made notes when the teacher explains using ICT media based on VBA for Excel" so it could be concluded that students made notes when the teacher explained the subjects using ICT media based on VBA for Excel (Excellent).
Based on the explanation of 5 statemnts and 4 indicators above, it could be concluded that using ICT media ICT based on VBA for Excel in learning maths can increase student learning motivation.
This is in accordance with the research conducted by  that the implementation of math learning using ICT media based on VBA for Excel can help students solve maths problems easily and increase studentsmaths learning motivation. It was also mentioned in Mahmud's research result (2015) that class 5 SDN Model TerpaduMadani students' motivation and learning outcomes who joined the learning using media based on ICT were better than the usual learning. From Rizki's result (2015) learning based on ICT gave satisfactory results in learning process. Furthermore, from the data analysis result, it can be concluded that there was a significant effect in students learning motivation when ICT was applied. Martin Bernard & Senjayawati, (2019) also mentioned that VBA for Excel learning was more interesting and inreasing the students' motivation in learning maths and improves students' learning outcomes. Media design was obtained from students' difficulty in understanding the operation of positive and negative integers according to the observation and direct interview with the class VI about students' difficulty in knowing the meaning of integer, substraction and addition operation concept and making reasons in forms of results anwers. Based on table 3, that a) 10 students who are able to understand integers 8 people mention differences in positive and negative symbols but have not been able to interpret for reasons that are easily understood, 2 students can provide an explanation of the difference using profit and loss stories but can understand concretely. For statement b) among 8 students experienced, 3 students said they could give an answer but still got the wrong result, 3 students had worked but were still doubtful of the answer, and 2 students said they could work on the addition problem but needed a hint. For statement c) 14 students are able to provide results conclusions, 12 students are able to explain the final result but are unable to provide an explanation of the reasons and 2 students provide an explanation but by providing an explanation using symbols in the abstract or limited by numbers.
The media is designed based on the results of student observations and interviews to overcome the difficulties students have encountered. inregers using VBA for Excel. Before testing it to the students, the media was tested for its appropriateness by asking for comments from media expert and materials experts as an evaluation to develop the media. Creativitiy in making media in introducing the process to use VBA for Excel 3 Excellent in giving understanding to primary school students Based on the comments in table 4, the media was designed again to make it better by adding attractive shapes or pictures so the students would be attracted to learn the number line. The media would then be divided into 4 steps that are a) the first meeting, explanation of positive integer, negative integer and zero; b) second meeting introducing the integer position using animated pictures using VBA for Excel; c) Third meeting, relating the maths symbols using shapes picture using VBA for Excel, d) Fourth meeting: students try and explain using media.    Martin Bernard,Arif Sunaryo,Padillah Akbar 455 for integers rules and maths operations; 2) Increasing students' attraction in solving problems; 3) Creating students' activity in playing a role in giving critical and creative statement through a new idea which comes up during doing questions.  Table 5 about students' motivation based on learning using VBA for Excel, and motivation which can be seen according to the 6 indicators (Hendriana, Rohaeti, & Sumarmo, 2017). There was a discussion between students and their friends when a task was given and they were active in doing questions.
Based on the observation in Table 5, there was an increase in students' understanding about integers and integer operation after an increment in students' motivation through VBA for Excel media as explained in Table 6.  Table 6 explained the result of the observation after learning using media VBA for Excel, there was an increase in students' ability from 3 indicators but there was 20% of the students who didn't understand the concept of positive integers, zero and negative integers, 12% of the students haven't understood the operation of addition and subtraction of integers, and 24% of the students haven't been able to give a conclusion to the final result. Several factorsin students' difficulties are: 1) It's easier to understand a real picture related to the integers rather than the illustration of a moving object; 2) Doubt in answering causing the student not brave enough to give the correct reason; 3) Limited opportunity of students to actively involved due to time limitation, all these 3 problems are considered to be evaluation materials in developing VBA for Excel media.

CONCLUSION
Based on the presented result and discussion, it can be concluded that from the average of overall score from all indicators, the students can be categorised into excellent, as there was 88.21% increment in students ability after using learning media based on VBA for Excel but there are several things needs to be improved that are 1) the need of picture concept to explain integers; 2) making steps that can guide student in order to understand maths more so there will be no doubt in giving reasons; and 3) Regulating the perfect time to give students the opportunity to solve the problems using media for excel.